ACE-031 is a recombinant peptide designed to inhibit myostatin, a regulatory protein that limits muscle growth. It acts by binding to myostatin and preventing its interaction with the activin receptor type II. ACE-031 has been primarily investigated in preclinical and experimental studies focused on muscle physiology, bone health, and metabolic balance.

BPC-157 (Body Protective Compound-157) is a synthetic peptide fragment consisting of 15 amino acids, derived from a protein found in human gastric juice. It has been investigated in preclinical and experimental studies for its potential role in tissue repair, angiogenesis, and inflammation regulation. Research interest spans musculoskeletal models, gastrointestinal systems, vascular biology, and neurological pathways.

Dermorphin is a naturally occurring opioid peptide originally isolated from the skin of the South American frog Phyllomedusa sauvagii. It has attracted significant research interest due to its high affinity for μ-opioid receptors (MORs) and unique structural properties that distinguish it from classical opioid compounds. Dermorphin continues to serve as a valuable tool in neuropharmacology and receptor biology research

SS-31, also known as Elamipretide, is a synthetic mitochondria-targeted tetrapeptide designed to support mitochondrial function. It selectively associates with cardiolipin, a phospholipid unique to the inner mitochondrial membrane, and has been studied for its ability to stabilize mitochondrial structure, reduce oxidative stress, and influence ATP production. Research interest has focused on its role in models of aging, mitochondrial biology, and organ function

Follistatin is a naturally occurring glycoprotein encoded by the FST gene, recognized for its ability to bind and neutralize members of the TGF-β superfamily, particularly myostatin (GDF-8). By regulating these pathways, Follistatin has become a key subject of research in muscle biology, fibrosis control, reproductive endocrinology, and regenerative medicine.

GHK-Cu (Glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine-Copper) is a naturally occurring copper-binding tripeptide found in human plasma, saliva, and urine. It has been studied for its role in tissue remodeling, antioxidant defense, and support of extracellular matrix regulation. By binding copper (Cu²⁺), GHK-Cu may provide bioavailable copper for enzymatic processes relevant to collagen formation and cellular protection.

IGF-1 LR3 (Long R3 Insulin-like Growth Factor-1) is a synthetic analog of human insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), engineered for greater stability and bioavailability. It differs from native IGF-1 by containing a 13–amino-acid N-terminal extension and a substitution of arginine for glutamic acid at position 3. These modifications reduce binding to IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs), prolonging its half-life and enhancing biological potency. IGF-1 LR3 is widely studied in the fields of musculoskeletal regeneration, tissue repair, neuroprotection, and metabolic regulation.

Adipotide (also known as FTPP) is a synthetic peptide investigated for its ability to selectively affect blood vessels that supply white adipose tissue. Through its mechanism of targeting prohibitin receptors on fat-associated vasculature, Adipotide has been studied in preclinical research for its potential to influence fat tissue biology and related metabolic pathways.